The 'Microcosm ENEA-FOS to grow plants under biotic and abiotic conditioning' is a new concept crop simulator for basic and applied research under laboratory conditions that targets to overcome the use of climatic chambers and fitotrones. Devised, designed, realized and validated by ENEA and FOS S.p.A. it is an innovative system to grow plants for the reaserach in biology and agrobiology. The basic innovation is a) the two-stage independent chambers for root and aerial part growing and b) the substrate containing cylinder. Around these two features, innovative systems for lighting, thermal conditioning, air flow supply, sensors and remote control are implemented. The Microcosm is a patented device useful for basic and applied reasearch and for educational.