The exponential increase in the global population imposes a challenge to the sustainable production of alternative protein sources. In light of this, the use of Tenebrio molitor larvae represents a valuable opportunity. In fact, by feeding the larvae, it is possible to valorize some of the waste from agri-food supply chains, which would otherwise become a waste to be disposed of at a high cost. The larvae themselves can be used to produce protein foods and feeds with high added value. Furthermore, from the rearing process, it’s possible to obtain frass which can be used as a natural fertilizer, and to obtain high-value products (e.g., chitosan) with pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.